11 OCTOBER

1719 - Spanish colonial Gov.-Gen. Fernando de Bustamante  y Bustillo is murdered in his palace by a mob led by crucifix-carrying Jesuit friars in the Philippines; Bustamante had earlier introduced reforms after discovering great irregularities in fund management of the royal treasury, a move that angered high officials who were provided refuge by the friars; the murders of de Bustamante and his son who came to his defense, as well as the crimes of corruption in royal treasury management, were never punished.

Apolinario de la Cruz

 1841 - A police force to quell the Cofradia de San Jose, a religious Catholic brotherhood (which later allowed in women) in the colonial Philippine islands judged as subversive by the abusive Spanish friars, is formed, co-founded by Apolinario de la Cruz (Hermano Pule), a frustrated priest, with thousands of members of the Cofradia eventually meeting a tragic end after a more powerful military force is subsequently called by the Governor-General on prodding of the abusive Spanish friars to suppress the ensuing rebellion of the brotherhood, with dela Cruz and some of his aides eventually getting caught and executed.

Crispulo M. Zamora, silversmith

1922 - Crispulo M. Zamora, an eminent Filipino engraver and silversmith that made insignia for Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo's government, dies at the age of 51; Zamora, schooled in the Academia de Dibujo y Pintura and Escuela de Artes y Oficios, managed to transform a small family engraving shop into a burgeoning enterprise of engraved articles with the help of his wife Pelagia Mendoza, even surviving the Philippine Revolution against Spain and the Philippine-American War (1899-1914).

1899 - The imperialist invading Americans capture San Isidro, Nueva Ecija eight months into the bloody and protracted Filipino-American War; Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo of the fledgling Philippine Republic transfers the capital from Malolos, Bulacan to Tarlac while on the run from pursuing enemy United States forces.

1900 - Gen. Mariano Trias meets with the Japanese Consul regarding a possible Philippines-Japan bilateral cooperation, one year and eight months into the Philippine-American War (1899-1914); the Consul says that Japan desires a coaling station and freedom to trade and build railways in the Philippines but unfortunately, in only about seven months' time, Gen. Trias will surrender to the imperialist enemy Americans soon after the capture and prompt swear of allegiance to the Bald Eagle flag of President Emilio Aguinaldo .


Photo credits: http://www.flickr.com/photos/7716937@N04/page6/

http://www.nhi.gov.ph//index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=164&Itemid=3