1899 - The First Philippine Republic is inaugurated
in Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan with Gen. Emilio F. Aguinaldo as
President two days after the ratification of the Constitution but less
two weeks before the outbreak of the bloody and protracted Filipino-American War (1899-1914); pressured to seek international recognition of his Declaration of Independence from Spain by the imperialist designs
of the emerging new enemy, the United States, Aguinaldo convened the
Malolos Congress in September 1898 for the purpose of framing a
constitution and, upon advice by the pro-charter group (opposed to the
ideas of the Prime Minister Apolinario M. Mabini) led by Pedro Paterno y Ignacio and Felipe G. Calderon, supposedly to strengthen the assertion of freedom
by the country that was as yet not recognized by other nations, and
which provided for a republican government marked by three separate
branches: unicameral Legislature, Judiciary, and the Executive branch;
the inauguration ceremonies for Aguinaldo's republic, dubbed Asia's
first republic, (also called the Malolos Republic), along with the
revolutionary Malolos Congress, were marked by the reading of the Constitution, proclamation of the Republic,
Aguinaldo's proclamation as elected President and speeches by Aguinaldo
and Congress president Paterno; ironically, the pro-charter group
stalwarts Paterno and Calderon would be one of the early pro-American
collaborators that would soon abandon Aguinaldo's republican government
and openly campaign for the Philippine annexation
to the imperialist Bald Eagle nation; the First Philippine Republic is
said to be the culmination of the reformist struggle of the Propaganda
movement and the next level of Filipino struggle, the Philippine
Revolution of 1896 led by Kagalanggalangang Katipunan nang manga Anak nang Bayan (KKK) Supremo Andres C. Bonifacio whom Aguinaldo later deposed via the Tejeros Convention and ordered executed in 1897.
1930 - Pio C. del Pilar, Filipino general during the Philippine Revolution, writes about the genuine patriotism of Gen. Macario Sakay whom the imperialist Bald Eagle nation dubbed a "bandit", treacherously captured, and executed in 1907 by the vile Americans; Pio del Pilar, infamous for having betrayed Katipunan Supremo Andres C. Bonifacio and even influenced Emilio F. Aguinaldo's decision to execute the Supremo, lauds Sakay was a "true patriot who spread the seeds of the Katipunan to win the independence of the Philippines.
He was one of those who went from town to town, winning the people over
to the cause of the Katipunan, and thus, kept alive the spirit of
resistance to the enemies... Sakay may be called a tulisan or bandit by
the Americans... But before God, Country, and Truth, he was a true son
of the Country whom his fellow countrymen must revere for all the
times"; Pio del Pilar's testimony of sorts is contained in a letter he sent to historian and biographer Jose P. Santos.
Photo credit:
http://wpedia.goo.ne.jp/enwiki/First_Philippine_Republic
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