1887 - Filipino patriot, reformist and polymath Jose Mercado Rizal sends his friend Austrian Ferdinand Blumentritt a package that includes sulpakan, his own invention of a lighter operating on the principle of compressed air, and writes about the death of his sister Olimpia during a difficult childbirth; Rizal adds that Blumentritt's package also includes a gold coin, part of a recently unearthed clay jar of gold coins believed to have used by the ancient Tagalogs.
1898 - Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy of the fledgling Philippine Republic forms his Malolos cabinet 3 1/2 months after declaring the Southeast Asian country Independent from colonial Spain, but a month after the Peace Protocol and the Mock Battle of Manila wherein the emerging imperialist United States falsely made it appear that their forces were the ones who subdued the Spaniards and not the Filipino revolutionaries; Aguinaldo's cabinet, with his government now avoiding the vile invader Americans, is based in Malolos, Bulacan and includes Felipe Buencamino as Secretary of Development; Gregorio Araneta as Secretary of Justice; Jose E. Basa as justice director of the central government; Baldomero Aguinaldo, Secretary of War; Antonio Luna, Director; Artemio Ricarte, Vito Belarmino, Emiliano Riego de Dios as Generals of Division; and Tomas Mascardo, Pantaleon Garcia, Mariano Llanera, Mariano Noriel, Isidro Torres, Miguel Malvar, and Paciano Rizal as Brigadier-Generals; in less than five months time, the leader of the Bald Eagle nation who ridiculously claimed God instructed him to invade the "whole archipelago or none" will secretly order his military to instigate what will be the bloody and protracted Filipino-American War (1899-1914).Photo credit: Filipiniana.net
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