1900 - Sixteen months into the bloody and protracted Filipino-American War (1899-1914) but after the invading imperialist United States forces have arrested some key people of the fledgling Philippine Republic, Gen. Arthur McArthur, the assigned American 'military ruler,' offers former Philippine Prime Minister Apolinario Mabini y Maranan amnesty in exchange for swearing fealty to the Bald Eagle flag; Mabini, considered as the "Brains of the [second phase of] the Revolution," was jailed for being "a most active agitator" [translation: patriot] and persistently and defiantly refusing amnesty, and maintaining correspondence with insurgents [translation: defenders of the Philippine Republic]; even when Mabini will finally take his oath of allegiance to the US in 1903 after two years of being exiled to Guam in his yearning to return to his homeland shortly before his death from illness, Mabini will supposedly resume his patriotic work of agitating for independence; it is in exile that Mabini will write "The Philippine Revolution" based on his memoirs of the Himagsikan against Spain, including the part of the "crime" of the "assassination" of the Supreme President of the underground-society-turned-revolutionary-government Kataastaasang Kagalanggalangang Katipunan nang manga Anak nang Bayan Andres Bonifacio y de Castro on orders of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy under whose short-lived presidency Mabini served as key adviser and Prime Minister.
Raw photo credit: http://mrrml355.blogspot.com/2011/02/sublime-paralytic.html
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