1897 - Thirteen Filipino revolutionaries and masons known as "Bagumbayan Martyrs" are executed by Spanish colonial authorities during what historian T.M. Kalaw described as a "period of terror" in Spain's bid to contain the revolutionary momentum sweeping the Philippines.
1935 - Amelia Earhart, an American, becomes the first woman and only the second person to fly solo (across the Pacific Ocean from Honolulu to Oakland, California).
1942 - Japan invades the Dutch colonies Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) and Dutch Borneo (Kalimantan/Borneo).
1998 - Around a 100 Algerians are massacred by Islamic extremists in two villages in the North African nation; the attacks follow a series of Ramadan-month massacres.
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