1942 - Jose Abad Santos, Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court during the American imperialist rule, is executed at Malabang, Lanao by the Japanese during World War II for refusing to collaborate; an American educated lawyer who has held various government positions, Abad Santos became virtual head of the government when President Manuel Quezon left for Washington, United States earlier the same year following Japanese occupation of the Southeast Asian archipelago.
1915 - The great Austro-German offensive in Galicia begins, with the Russian forces easily giving way after suffering severely from lack of rifles, artillery, ammunition, and clothing; the counterattack will put an end to 9 months of successful Russian advances in the East central European region, with the Russian Army embarking on a strategic retreat, evacuating Warsaw in the Great retreat of 1915 during World War I.
1933 - The first modern sighting of the Loch Ness monster makes local news based on an account of a local couple claiming to have witnessed "an enormous animal rolling and plunging on the surface"; in the 1960s, several British universities will launch expeditions to Loch Ness using sonar for deep searching, with nothing conclusive to be found but with each expedition detecting unexplainable large, moving underwater objects.
1982 - Three hundred sixty-eight people die as Britain sinks Argentina's only cruiser, General Belgrano, following the start of the two countries' dispute over the Falkland Islands; Britain used Mark 8 torpedoes in destroying the ship, with Argentina retaliating by sinking HMS Sheffield that saw the lost of some 20 men.
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