1 April

1901 - Philippine President on-the-run Emilio Aguinaldo takes the oath of allegiance to the imperialist United States flag, only a few days after his capture in Palanan, Isabela by enemy forces pretending to be captives of traitorous Filipino mercenaries; the operation was led by Gen. Frederick Funston and which promptly merited condemnation by the Anti-Imperialist League, including American writer Mark Twain who will describe the US volunteer army officer as "the man who captured Aguinaldo by methods which would disgrace the lowest blatherskite that is doing time in any penitentiary."

1748 - Digging begins on the buried city of Pompeii, some 47 years after an Italian historian identified it based partly on the description of Roman scholar Pliny the Younger, whose records of the event mark the beginning of modern volcanology; Pompeii was buried 1600 years earlier following the deadly eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 A.D., which killed hundreds and eventually also buried the nearby town of Herculaneum in 20 feet of black ooze as rain helped turned the volcanic ash into mud.

1947 - The Bulgarian government announces a two-year plan, to be followed by nationalization of banks and industries, which would go into effect at year's end after Bulgaria and Yugoslavia sign a treaty of mutual aid and friendship and Soviet troops leave the country; earlier in September 1946, Bulgaria was proclaimed a republic and the former monarchical ruler, Tsar Simeon II, went into exile.

1983 - Tens of thousands of peace demonstrators have formed a human chain stretching 22.5 kilometres across a southern English county, the climax of a week of anti-nuclear activities; the rallyists who started linking at at the American airbase at Greenham Common and ending at the ordinance factory in Burghfield, are members of the Coalition for Nuclear Disarmament organized in the 1970s but was revitalized following the siting of the American Cruise and Pershing missiles in Europe in the 1980s.